The Calumny of Apelles, a tempera painting by the renowned Italian artist Sandro Botticelli, is a captivating work that embodies the essence of Renaissance allegory. Created in approximately 1494, this masterpiece is now housed at the Uffizi Gallery in Florence, Italy.

Historical Context and Inspiration

Botticelli's painting was inspired by the description of a lost ancient work by the Greek painter Apelles, as recorded by the scholar Lucian. This ekphrasis, or literary description of a painting, became popular in Renaissance Italy, influencing several artists to recreate it. Botticelli's version is notable for its detailed and intricate composition.

Composition and Allegory

The Calumny of Apelles features nine figures, including personifications of vices and virtues, set against a backdrop of Greco-Roman architecture adorned with statues and reliefs. The central figure is Calumny, depicted as a charming woman carrying a torch, accompanied by Rancour, Fraud, and Deceit. On the opposite side, Truth stands ignored, while Penitence looks on in sorrow.

Artistic Significance

This painting showcases Botticelli's skill in recreating ancient compositions almost in full. It is smaller than his large mythological works but larger than his typical spalliere pieces. The Calumny of Apelles is often speculated to have been painted for personal use, possibly as a reflection on the slander he faced.

Relevance and Legacy

The Calumny of Apelles is a testament to Botticelli's ability to interpret complex concepts through art. It reflects the refined culture of Florence at the end of the 15th century and demonstrates his extraordinary narrative skills. Key Points:

• Calumny of Apelles by Sandro Botticelli, circa 1494-95.
• Tempera on panel, housed at the Uffizi Gallery in Florence, Italy.
• Inspired by the description of a lost ancient painting by Apelles.
• Features nine figures and Greco-Roman architecture.

For more information on Sandro Botticelli's works, visit: Sandro Botticelli and explore other Renaissance masterpieces at: Leonardo Da Vinci: Annunciation